English functional skills assessments assess skills such as reading, writing, speaking, and listening. They focus on practical applications of these skills, such as understanding written instructions, writing clear and coherent texts, and engaging in effective verbal communication. 

Mathematics functional skills assessments concentrate on numeracy skills and problem-solving abilities. They cover areas such as calculations, measurements, data handling, and interpreting graphs and charts. The goal is to ensure individuals can confidently apply mathematical concepts in real-life situations.